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R.G. Makitra, A.A. Turovsky and G.E. Zaikov
The behavior of substances in solutions may not be adequatelycharacterized by the effect of any single physicochemical parameter ofsolvents, nor are numerous semi-empirical scales of the solvent effect(their `polarity') suitable for their limited selections only. In recentdecades, it has been found that the variation of reaction rate constantsin solutions or that spectral parameters of dissolved substances aredetermined by the total effect of different solvation processes. Thismonograph presents numerous examples of such an approach andcharacterizes various empirical and semi-empirical scales of solventproperties. It is shown that additional consideration of some structuralparameters of solvents, namely, their cohesive energy and the molarvolume, may provide for spreading this approach on homolytical andcatalytic reaction.
It is also shown that for the solvolysis reaction, one of the excessivereagents may represent either a reagent or a solvent, which requiresadditional consideration of its structural characteristics in theHammeth equation.
The application of the principle of free energy linearity also allowedadequate generalization of data on the effect of solvents on differentphysicochemical processes, such as dissolution of gases and solids invarious solvents, swelling of polymers and solid fossil fuels, coalextraction, adsorption, absorption, diffusion, and chromatography.Special attention is paid to substance distribution between twoimmiscible phases. Properties of both an extractive phase and an activeextractant dissolved in inert diluter are taken into account. Themajority of these processes indicate the efficiency of solventself-association factor that defines the energy consumption forformation of a void for an alien molecule injection.
2004; c. 350 pages
ISBN 90-6764-406-4
Price (all prices are subject to change without notice): EUR 170/US$ 243
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